Norfolk Island Pine Tree

Norfolk Island pine is an evergreen conifer with a symmetrical, pyramidal outline and regularly tiered branches. It is grown as a houseplant in cool climates, while frost-free landscapes can accommodate a much larger tree. ## Form and scale [North Carolina Extension](https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/araucaria-heterophylla/common-name/norfolk-pine/) gives a typical cultivated landscape size of 60–100 feet tall by 12–60 feet wide, with native trees growing larger. Its indoor guidance lists plants reaching about 9 feet. The live catalog’s 2 m height and 1 m width are labeled as indoor ranges, so those values are retained as container context rather than used to describe outdoor specimens. ## Siting Give outdoor trees full sun, ample root and canopy room, and well-drained soil in warm, frost-free climates. Large surface roots can interfere with paving, and mature female cones are heavy and create litter. In frost-prone areas, grow it in a container in bright light and protect it indoors. The [RHS profile](https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/1461/araucaria-heterophylla/details) recommends sheltered summer sun, free-draining loam-based potting soil, and moving container plants under glass before cold weather. ## Maintenance Water regularly while actively growing without leaving the mix waterlogged; reduce watering in winter. Little or no pruning is needed, and cutting back the leader can spoil its outline. In heated rooms, occasional misting can help in winter.