Bitter Orange Tree

Bitter orange is an evergreen citrus tree with fragrant white flowers, glossy aromatic leaves, and very bitter fruit used for marmalade and liqueurs. Its thorny branches and substantial mature canopy need open space in a sunny site. ## Growing Conditions Plant in full sun in moist but well-drained loam or clay. Water regularly while allowing the soil to dry somewhat between waterings, since overwatering can cause root problems. NC State Extension lists USDA hardiness zones 8a–11b and notes that container growing with indoor winter protection can suit colder locations. [NC State Extension](https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/citrus-x-aurantium/common-name/sour-orange/) ## Flowers and Fruit Showy, fragrant white flowers bloom in spring. The aromatic orange fruit has a sour, bitter pulp and thick peel; the rind is commonly cooked with sugar for marmalade, and fruit is also used in liqueurs. ## Maintenance Give the tree room to reach a broad canopy, and avoid disturbing roots when moving container-grown plants. Monitor watering and drainage to reduce fungal disease and root rot.