Toyon

Toyon (Heteromeles arbutifolia), also called California holly or Christmas berry, is a broadleaf evergreen shrub native to California. Its glossy, toothed leaves provide year-round structure, followed by clusters of small white flowers and bright red berries that persist into winter. Mature size varies with growing conditions and pruning, so allow room for a large shrub or small multi-stemmed tree. ## Seasonal Interest and Wildlife Summer flowers attract bees, and the red berries provide food for birds through winter. The [UC Master Gardener Program of Sonoma County](https://www.ucanr.edu/site/uc-master-gardener-program-sonoma-county/heteromeles-arbutifolia-toyon) describes common mature shrubs around 8 to 12 feet tall and 4 to 6 feet wide, with larger plants possible; the [UC Davis Arboretum](https://arboretum.ucdavis.edu/all-stars/toyon) lists broader dimensions and notes its value for screening. ## Placement and Water Toyon grows in full sun or dappled shade and prefers soil that drains well, especially in winter. It is drought tolerant after establishment, though light supplemental irrigation can support growth in hot inland gardens. Use it as a screen or specimen where its mature spread and seasonal fruit can be appreciated. ## Maintenance Prune selectively to shape the shrub or raise its lower branches, keeping in mind that repeated pruning may be needed to maintain a tree form. Avoid overwatering in poorly drained soil. Do not eat unripe berries or the seeds.