Hops

Humulus lupulus is a vigorous herbaceous perennial vine with twining stems and lobed leaves; the above-ground growth dies back after the season and regrows from the roots. Female flower clusters develop into the papery, cone-like structures used to flavor beer, and the species has naturalized in North America. [North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox](https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/humulus-lupulus/common-name/european-hops/) ## Site and seasonal interest Give the vine a sturdy fence, trellis, or pergola to climb. North Carolina State lists full sun or partial shade, well-drained loam, USDA zones 5a–8b, and mature size of 15–20 ft tall by 3–6 ft wide. Flowers appear from mid-summer into fall, and butterflies use the plant as a larval host. The cones are harvested for brewing; this use applies to female plants. ## Maintenance Cut old stems back after they die down at the end of the growing season. Contact with leaves or flowers can irritate sensitive skin, so wear gloves when handling the vine. NC State also flags hops as toxic to dogs if eaten. [North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox](https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/humulus-lupulus/common-name/european-hops/)