English Walnut Tree

Carpathian walnut is a cold-hardy strain of English walnut (*Juglans regia*) grown for its nuts. University of Idaho Extension lists mature trees at 40–60 feet tall and notes that the selection tolerates more variable winters than standard English walnut. ## Form and placement The rounded, spreading crown suits a large yard or orchard. The [University of Idaho Carpathian walnut guide](https://content-hub.uidaho.edu/api/public/content/482b5d8e5ce24550b2f27729f8024dfe?v=15d8e08a) describes a deep-rooted tree that flowers from mid-May to early June, with male and female flowers on the same plant. Late frost can damage the emerging foliage and flowers, so avoid frost pockets. Nuts ripen in September or October; their thin shells make them easier to crack than many other walnuts. ## Growing conditions Choose a sunny site with deep, well-drained loamy soil. The guide recommends at least three feet of soil and a pH of 6–8, and warns against both excess moisture and drought. Trees are usually planted in groves because wind carries pollen between flowers; orchard spacing is commonly 24–30 feet. ## Maintenance Prune to a modified central leader while the tree is young, and correct extra leaders if frost or insects damage the terminal bud. Harvest nuts when the seed coat turns light tan, before the hull opens.