Red Hot Poker (Kniphofia)

Red-hot pokers (Kniphofia) are clump-forming perennials grown for upright, torch-like flower spikes above narrow, strap-shaped leaves. Species and cultivars vary widely in stature, foliage persistence and flower color: spikes may be red, orange or yellow, with some cream or green forms, and plants range from compact selections to those over 2m tall. Many flower in summer and autumn, bringing strong vertical accents to sunny mixed borders; mature size, color and hardiness depend on the species or cultivar chosen. [RHS Kniphofia guide](https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/kniphofia); [RHS growing guide](https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/kniphofia/growing-guide). Choose a site with full sun and fertile, reasonably moist soil during active growth. Free drainage is essential, especially in winter: permanently wet ground can cause root problems, while very poor, dry soil restricts growth. Smaller cultivars may suit containers, and larger selections make bold border specimens. Plants are native to Africa and have been widely bred; check the named cultivar’s mature dimensions and local hardiness before placing it in a site with severe winters. In cold, wet climates, protection from winter moisture is more useful than assuming all red-hot pokers share one hardiness range. ## Maintenance Plant or divide clumps in spring, and remove spent flower stems to keep the display tidy. Leave healthy foliage through winter where it provides protection, and shield crowns from persistent winter wet with a dry mulch. Divide crowded clumps or remove offsets in spring.