Bee Balm

Monarda is a North American genus of aromatic, herbaceous perennials in the mint family. Its varied flower heads attract pollinators, and species differ in stature, bloom timing, color, and spread. ## Garden use The [North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox](https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/monarda/) recognizes about 25 species, typically 2–4 feet tall, with some taller; flowers may be red, pink, purple, or other colors depending on the species or cultivar. Use a correctly identified selection in a sunny border or pollinator planting, choosing its position and spacing for its own mature size. The aromatic leaves can be enjoyed near a path, while taller forms suit the middle or back of a bed. ## Growing conditions Most beebalms perform best in full sun with good air circulation. They prefer moist, well-drained soil and can tolerate clay; partial shade may be useful in hot sites. Keep water available during dry spells, especially while plants establish. Powdery mildew can be troublesome in crowded or humid conditions, although some cultivars have improved resistance. ## Maintenance Remove spent flower heads if you want to limit self-seeding. Some Monarda spread by rhizomes, so watch the edges of the planting and divide clumps every few years if they become crowded. Late-spring or early-summer pruning can encourage bushier growth and delay flowering.