Black Sour Gum Tupelo Tree

Black gum, black tupelo, and sour gum are common names for Nyssa sylvatica, a deciduous eastern North American tree. North Carolina Extension describes small, greenish-yellow spring flowers, blue-black fruit on female trees, and fall foliage that may turn yellow, orange, red, or purple; mature height is about 40–70 feet. ## Garden Use This long-lived native tree can serve as a specimen or shade tree in a landscape with room for a substantial crown. Female trees may produce sour, edible fruit that is eaten by birds and small mammals. The species has a variable natural form, so allow for differences in crown outline and mature spread. ## Growing Conditions The species grows in full sun and tolerates clay, loam, or sandy soil. It prefers moist, acidic conditions but adapts to a range of moisture levels, including occasional flooding or dry spells. North Carolina Extension lists USDA zones 4a through 9b and an approximate width range of 20 feet 8 inches to 35 feet 6 inches. ## Maintenance Give the tree adequate rooting space and water during establishment, especially in dry weather. See the [North Carolina Extension black gum profile](https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/nyssa-sylvatica/common-name/black-gum/) for details on form, seasonal color, wildlife value, and growing conditions.