Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera)

Phoenix dactylifera, the date palm, is an evergreen tree palm with a slender trunk and a crown of arching, grey-green pinnate leaves. Kew accepts the species as native from the Arabian Peninsula to southern Pakistan, while the RHS describes its long flower spikes and the sweet edible dates produced in suitable native growing conditions. ## Position and growing This is a warm-climate palm that needs full sun, shelter and room for a tall crown. The RHS lists loam or sand and well-drained soil, and recommends full light under glass in cooler climates. For container culture, use a peat-free, loam-based potting compost; water freely while the plant is growing and reduce watering in winter. The RHS lists mature height above 12 metres and spread of 2.5–4 metres, so allow substantial space. ## Fruit and placement Date production depends on appropriate climate and pollination, so a landscape specimen should not be promised a crop. Kew records the species’ food and other uses, and the RHS notes that fruits follow the flower spikes in native environments. Its large scale and evergreen form suit warm-climate specimen planting where space permits. ## Maintenance Keep the root zone well drained, water according to active growth and season, and remove only dead or hazardous fronds carefully. See [Kew’s Phoenix dactylifera account](https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/668912-1) and the [RHS date palm profile](https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/12768/phoenix-dactylifera-f/details) for species identity, mature dimensions and cultivation guidance.